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Quick Search     Advanced Search   2018 Vol.20 Issue.1 Published 2018-01-31 1 Educational Research and the Construction of “Students’Burden” Wang Wenzhi From the perspective of discourse study, students' Burden is a discoursive and historical construct, instead of a given objective item. The educational research played an important role in the process of discursive construction of the institutional object. It contributed to the establishment of the rules, prompted the actions of “reducing the burden”, and made observations and inductions according to the rules. It made Students’ Burden real and perceivable. The research discourse about students’ burden was mixed with the policy discourse. It strengthened the specific way of representing educational life and complied with the implied setting of power relationship. Therefore the possibility of conceptualization of related problems in other ways was compressed, unless students’ burden is understood as a discoursive construct and the limits of the recent researches are realized. 2018 Vol. 20 (1): 1-34 [Abstract] ( 1628 ) [HTML KB] [ PDF 5338KB] ( 317 ) 35 A Study on the Shape and Structure, and the Sense of Weight of Schoolbag Chen Guangchun, Xiong Heping From the dimension of shape and structure, schoolbag had experienced a history from ideological symbol and student identical symbol to educational consumption symbol. The shape, texture and structure of schoolbag suggested the way of educational discipline and operation. Nowadays, the complex and exquisite layering in schoolbag implies the order, position, and power operation model of subject knowledge. In students’ everyday life, the sense of weight about schoolbag comes from different independent sources, like physical, sociological, ethical and phenomenological, and these sources intertwine together. The mechanism of the sense of weight is that the synthetic sense coming from school, family and society can be transferred into the narrow space inside of schoolbag. Therefore, government, school, parents and manufacturers provide their plans to “reduce the burden” from different value standpoints and technological purposes. But with the trend of e-bag, “reduce the burden” for students falls into an educational paradox: the schoolbag is getting lighter and lighter, but the workload of student is getting heavier and heavier. Schoolbag contains the secret of school education, and even the code of national education system. 2018 Vol. 20 (1): 35-98 [Abstract] ( 1640 ) [HTML KB] [ PDF 9285KB] ( 511 ) 99 From “Nourishing” to “Moulding”: The Evolution Path of Modern Moral Education in Self-cultivation Textbooks Wang Dushen Some scholars have explored the self-cultivation education at late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China from the perspective of social and historical changes of “subjects-citizens” and “home-nation”. This paper transforms the perspective to the individual living circumstances related to the social and historical situations, and probes into the evolution path of modern moral education from the changes of the moral idea and human existence reflected in the textbooks. First of all, the connotation of "moral" and "ethics" has changed in modern times. The promotion of the significance of "ethics" highlights the position of social relations in people’s living circumstances. "Moral" is defined by social ethics, which changes the traditional concept of "human-becoming" for the purpose of moral education. "Moral" is no longer the spiritual temperament of personality through the overall existence, but narrowed to the individual compliance with social rules; After the establishment of the modern education system, the traditional humanistic classics-based "learned person" education changed into modern disciplinary divided professional education; At the same time, ethics, physiology, hygiene and scientific psychology have deconstructed the traditional concept of body-mind unification in self-cultivation education, "body" no longer refers to the whole existence of "self", but the physical flesh under modern concepts of hygiene of physical training; Since then, the rising emphasis of social ethics and national consciousness made the modern moral education changed from the traditional temperament "nourishing" to "moulding" of citizens. Finally, the postscript part will discuss the relationship between modern education and social transformation. In fact, by examining the historical experience of China's social transformation, we will find that the traditional spirit of "self-cultivation" can be used as a basis for building the idea of modern society members’ equal personality. 2018 Vol. 20 (1): 99-126 [Abstract] ( 1668 ) [HTML KB] [ PDF 4316KB] ( 425 )

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