在一定意义上,孔氏家族女性是中国古代儒家妇德规范的标识和楷模。透过这一特殊女性群体的日常生活、教育状况和内心世界,反思其与主流儒家妇德规范和性别秩序之间的复杂关联,为我们重新审视某些"既定"的"主流"和"正统"女子教育观念提供了一个绝佳视角。本文通过对国内外儒学研究、中国妇女史和孔子后裔研究进展与趋势的梳理,对孔氏家族女性研究的学术价值和社会意义的阐发,在借鉴已有研究经验,同时规避其不足的基础上,形成孔氏家族女性教育生活史研究的独特取径:其一,从反思"五四"妇女史观的"再反思"出发;其二,从"妇女"到"性别",即从单纯关注妇女问题的妇女史转向更为开阔的性别研究;其三,从"个体"到"家族",即将个人生活史和家族叙事相结合,在家族、互系的伦理脉络中观照个人;其四,从"文献"到"物质",即顺应国际历史学和中国妇女史研究的物质文化史转向,承续国内教育史学研究范式转型的整体态势,综合运用文献和物质等多形态史料,积极开展关涉孔氏家族女性教育生活的物质文化史研究。

In a certain sense，the women of Kong family are the symbol and model of Confucian norms on women's virtues in ancient China. Through the daily life，educational situation and inner world of this special female group，we can reflect on its complex relationship with the dominant Confucian norms of women's morality and gender order，which provides us an excellent perspective to re-examine some “established”“dominant” and “orthodox” female education concepts．Based on an international literature review on the research field of Confucianism，history of Chinese women，and the descendants of Confucius，also with the declaration of the academic value and social significance of the study of the women of Kong family，an alternative framework is then outlined as follows．Firstly， rethinking the “reflection” of the “May Fourth” construction of the victimized women in traditional China. Secondly，shifting our focus primarily on “women” to a broader view of “gender”，namely including females and males，as well as other social issues. Thirdly，shifting our focus primarily on “individual” to “family”，interpreting personal deeds in the context of family and society，by combining personal life history with family narrative method. Fourthly，shifting our focus primarily on “literature” to “material”，exploring the everyday lives of the women of Kong family by using documentary evidence and material culture，etc，following the material turn of the western historiography and Chinese women's history，as well as the paradigm transformation of educational historiography in contemporary China.